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Simple x wing sound effects board. Options
darbyvet
#1 Posted : 22 June 2021 15:34:48

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So lets talk about making a sound effects board for the x wing.The X-wing is a great kit, but it would be even better if we had some sound effects too. There is plenty of room inside the x wing to add some electronics.

So I designed a simple sound effects board that uses an RF remote and a cheap mp3 player.


The mp3 player is the Dfplayermini. This is a very low cost sound generating unit.You can add buttons to it to use it as a standalone unit or you can control it with a microcontroller like and Arduino Uno.It needs 5v to power it and a small speaker to output the sound to. The sound clips are stored on a MicroSd card and the player has a Sdcard reader mounted on it.

For our project we cant use buttons because we are mounting the board insde the x wing. So we have to figure out how to replace the buttons with the RF remote.This will involve using transistors as switches.


So lets look at the components we will need to build our x winfg sound effects board.


darbyvet
#2 Posted : 23 June 2021 15:00:25

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The mp3 player we are using is a very cheap ($5) player.It has a microSD card mounted and produces pretty decent sound for its size.it is readily available and there are tons of even cheaper knock offs of it.I would reocmmend trying to find an actual dfplayermini because some of the cheaper clones dont work very well.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
dfplayermini1.jpg
darbyvet
#3 Posted : 23 June 2021 15:21:56

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There are 14 pins on the dfplayer. here is the pinout map.

The VCC is the power input.You can use 3.2-5v.Do not exceed 5v or it will start smoking!!
The GND is the ground for the player.

The TX and RX pins are the serial connection.This allows you to connect a microcontroller like and arduino UNO.The microcontroller sends signals to the dfplayer to tell it which track to play and the dfplayer sends signals back to the microcontroller to tell it when the track has finished.

The SPK_1 and SPK_2 pins are the output to the speaker.You need a speaker of 3W or less.


The ADKEY_1 is an analog input for the dfplayer.This is the pin we will be using to control the dfplayermini.The dfplayer measures the voltage on this pin and then it plays the track according to the value of the voltage read.
darbyvet attached the following image(s):
dfplayermini2.png
darbyvet
#4 Posted : 23 June 2021 15:44:37

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We will be using the dfplayer in AD KEY mode.That means we connect our inputs to the ADKEY_1 pin.

We will be using a resistor ladder on the ADKEY_1 pin. A resistor ladder is a great way to use 1 pin for multiple inputs. The way it works is thwere are a series of resistors that are arranged in parellel.One end of the resistor ladder goes to ADKEY_1 and the individual resistors are also attached to a button.When you press the button the ADKEY_1 pin is grounded through the resistor and the button. The voltage on the pin varies depending on whcih button is pressed and the dfplayer measure the voltage drop and plays the clip associated with the button.

Our dfplayermini will be set up for 4 inputs so we will need 0,3.1K,6.2K and 9.1K
resistors.
darbyvet attached the following image(s):
dfplayermini3.png
darbyvet
#5 Posted : 23 June 2021 16:27:18

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Now if we use the circuit above we need buttons.But we dont want to use buttons because we want to be able to trigger the sound effects wihtout toching the x wing. So we need a remote control to connect to the dfplayer.

There are two types of remote commonly used.One uses radiowaves and one uses infrared waves. The infrared is what is used for most tv remotes etc... and radiowaves are used in RC models.

The x-wing comes with an infrared remote.I will be showing a more advanced sound board that actually uses the signal from the x-wings remote to trigger the sound effects.The benefit of this is you can sync the sound effects to the lighting effect, but this require a more complex board.


So we will use the RF remote for our simple DIY project.
darbyvet
#6 Posted : 23 June 2021 18:45:36

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So this is a typical 4 channel 315mhz RF remote receiver board.You also need to buy the keyfob transmitter.

The remotes have an antenna (curled black wire in picture), a 5v input and ground and 4 channel out D0,D1,D2,D3.

When you press the button on the keyfob it triggers one of the channels pins to go high (ie output 5v). When you let go of the button you are pressing the output goes low.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
RF remote.jpg
darbyvet
#7 Posted : 23 June 2021 18:46:46

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Keyfob transmitter

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
keyfob.jpg
darbyvet
#8 Posted : 24 June 2021 18:18:19

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The final component we need is a way to replace the buttons to trigger the dfplayer.We cant just connect the rf remote to the dfplayer because the rf receiver send sout a digital signal and the dfplayer needs an analog input.

So we are going to use a transistor as a switch.The transistor has 3 pins-The base, the collector and the emitter.if you connect a circuit to the collector and emitter that is just like connecting the circuit to a switch.if you apply a small voltage to the base the transistor completes the ciruit and current will flow.if you apply 0V to the base the transistor will break the circuit and the current will stop flowing.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
transistor.jpg
transistoroff.jpg
transistoron.jpg
darbyvet
#9 Posted : 05 July 2021 21:44:01

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So here is my breadboard set up.Breadboards are a way to quickly make a circuit and check everything works before you break out the soldering iron.

In the picture the dfplay is at the top right.The top left board has the resistor ladder on it and the bottom left board has the rf receiver and the transistors to trigger the dfplayer.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
breadboard test.jpg
darbyvet
#10 Posted : 05 July 2021 22:13:24

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Here are some videos of the board in action


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8y9npaZyqQ4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_YOXGSN6mo



The next step is to make a circuit board we can use to build the sound effects un it that we will fit inisde the x wing


Carl
darbyvet
#11 Posted : 06 July 2021 01:20:55

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So here is the circuit board design. This will be emailed to a PCB manufacturer to make the physical board.These manufactuers are really cheap.I can get 5 boards made for just $15 shipped to USA.it usually takes about 1 week to get them once the order is placed.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
board.JPG
darbyvet
#12 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:34:09

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The printed circuit board arrived from China and now we can assemble the sound unit.If anyone wants to make one send me a pm and I will send you the file you need to get a PCB made.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step1.jpg
darbyvet
#13 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:36:39

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The first components we need are 4 10K resistors. These go in the spaces R1,R4,R3 and R14.SOlder them into to holes.


darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step2.jpg
darbyvet
#14 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:37:14

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darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step3.jpg
darbyvet
#15 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:38:43

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Next we install the DFPlayermini onto the board. Most of the holes are not connected to the circuit, but I still solder them all to fully secure the player to the board.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step4.jpg
darbyvet
#16 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:41:54

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Next we are going to install 2 capcitors on the board. The DFplayer needs 5v inout and we are using a 9v battery so there is a voltage regulator on the board to drop the voltage from 9v to 5v.The capacitor are used to filter out noise in the circuit so the DFplayer gets a good clean power supply

C1 is a 0.22Uf capacitor
C2 is a 0.1Uf capacitor
darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step5.jpg
step6.jpg
darbyvet
#17 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:43:41

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Next we are going to add the 4 transistors to the board.The diagram on the board shows which way to install them

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step8.jpg
darbyvet
#18 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:46:05

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next we are installing a diode.This is for polarity protection.if you connect the pwoer supply the wrong way around (ie + to -) the diode prevents damage to the DFPLAyermini because it will only allow current to flow one way.
darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step9.jpg
darbyvet
#19 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:47:59

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the final component os the L7805 voltage regulator.This converts 9V input to 5V output.

darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step10.jpg
step11.jpg
darbyvet
#20 Posted : 19 July 2021 04:51:18

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H1 are the 2 power input holes.They are marked + and - on the board. I always put pins on the board.You can solder wires directly to the board, but they can snap off if the board is moved aroun too much.

H2 are the holes for the speaker.Again I put pins on them to make it easier to connect wires

We can now solder on the RF receiver board to the top of out sound board


darbyvet attached the following image(s):
step12.jpg
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