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On this day in military history....
1999 NATO declares an official end to its bombing campaign of Yugoslavia.
1963 The United States and the Soviet Union agree to establish a hot line between Washington and Moscow.
1941 The U.S. Army Air Force is established, replacing the Army Air Corps.
1898 On the way to the Philippines to fight the Spanish, the U.S. Navy seizes the island of Guam.
1756 In India, the night of the infamous 'Black Hole of Calcutta', where more than 140 British soldiers and civilians were placed in a small prison cell - 18 feet by 14 feet - by the Nawab of Bengal. The following morning only 23 emerged alive.
451 Roman and barbarian warriors halt Attila's army at the Catalaunian Plains in eastern France. “Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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]On this day in military history....
1963 France announces it will withdraw from the NATO fleet in the North Atlantic.
1945 Japanese forces on Okinawa surrender to American troops.
1942 German General Erwin Rommel captures the port city of Tobruk in North Africa.
1919 German sailors scuttled 72 warships at Scapa Flow in the Orkneys even though Germany had surrendered. It was the greatest act of self-destruction in modern military history.
1915 Germany uses poison gas for the first time in warfare in the Argonne Forest
1863 In the second day of fighting, Confederate troops fails to dislodge a Union force at the Battle of LaFourche Crossing.
1854 The first Victoria Cross, Britain's highest medal for bravery, was awarded to Charles Lucas, who was awarded it during the Crimean War for conspicuous bravery. The medal was made from metal from a cannon captured at Sebastopol. The Victoria Cross was extended to colonial troops in 1867 and to date a total of 1,356 Victoria Crosses have been awarded.
1798 During the Irish Rebellion the British Army defeated Irish rebels at the Battle of Vinegar Hill in Enniscorthy, County Wexford. It marked a turning point in the rebellion, as it was the last attempt by the rebels to hold and defend ground against the British military.
1667 The Peace of Breda ends the Second Anglo-Dutch War as the Dutch cede New Amsterdam to the English.
1314 The Scots, under Robert the Bruce, defeat Edward II's army at Bannockburn.
217 BC Carthaginian forces led by Hannibal destroy a Roman army under consul Gaius Flaminicy in a battle at Lake Trasimenus in central Italy. “Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1980 The Soviet Union announces a partial withdrawal of its forces from Afghanistan.
1944 President Franklin Roosevelt signs the "GI Bill of Rights" to provide broad benefits for veterans of the war.
1942 A Japanese submarine shells Fort Stevens at the mouth of the Columbia River.
1941 Under the codename Barbarossa, Germany invades the Soviet Union. Over four million soldiers of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a 1,800 mile front, the largest invasion in the history of warfare. In addition to troops, Barbarossa used 600,000 motor vehicles and 750,000 horses.[20] The ambitious operation was driven by Adolf Hitler's persistent desire to conquer the Soviet territories as embodied in Generalplan Ost. and from intelligence that stated the USSR would be to strong to invade by 1943/44. It marked the beginning of the pivotal phase in deciding the victors of the war. The German invasion of the Soviet Union caused a high rate of fatalities: 95% of all German Army casualties that occurred from 1941 to 1944, and 65% of all Allied military casualties from the entire war.
1940 France and Germany sign an armistice at Compiegne, on terms dictated by the Nazis.
1925 France and Spain agree to join forces against Abd el Krim in Morocco.
1915 Austro-German forces occupy Lemberg on the Eastern Front as the Russians retreat.
1893 The Royal Navy battleship HMS Camperdown accidentally rammed the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMS Victoria near Tripoli, Lebanon. HMS Victoria sank, taking 358 crew with her, including the commander of the British Mediterranean Fleet, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon.
1876 General Alfred Terry sends Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer to the Rosebud and Little Bighorn rivers to search for Indian villages.
1807 British seamen board the USS Chesapeake, a provocation leading to the War of 1812.
1558 The French take the French town of Thioville from the English. “Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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Working away from home at the moment so do not have access to my reserch materials. normal service will be resumed Friday Thanks “Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1972 Nixon announces that no new draftees will be sent to Vietnam.
1970 Muhammed Ali stands before the Supreme Court regarding his refusal of induction into the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War.
1954 French troops begin to pull out of Vietnam's Tonkin province.
1950 General Douglas MacArthur arrives in South Korea as Seoul falls to the North.
1945 General Douglas MacArthur announces the end of Japanese resistance in the Philippines.
1942 German troops launch an offensive to seize Soviet oil fields in the Caucasus and the city of Stalingrad.
1919 The Allies and a reluctant Germany signed the Peace Treaty of Versailles - officially ending the First World War. The financial demands made by the Allies on the defeated Germans of 20 billion gold marks dragged the nation down and allowed the Nazis to appear as saviours.
1914 Austria's Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated at Sarajevo, Serbia, triggering events that culminate in the start of the Great war (WW1)
1863 General Meade replaces General Hooker three days before the Battle of Gettysburg.
1675 Frederick William of Brandenburg crushes the Swedes.
1645 In the English Civil War, the Royalists lost Carlisle.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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on this day in military history....
1970 U.S. troops pull out of Cambodia.
1955 The Soviet Union sends tanks to Pozan, Poland, to put down anti-Communist demonstrations.
1950 President Harry S. Truman authorizes a sea blockade of Korea.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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on this day in military history....
1643 The Battle of Adwalton Moor (also called Atherton Moor) in the English Civil War. The Royalists, under the Earl of Newcastle, defeated the Parliamentarians.“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1966 The U.S. Marines launch Operation Holt in an attempt to finish off a Vietcong battalion in Thua Thien Province in Vietnam.
1961 British troops land in Kuwait to aid against Iraqi threats.
1950 American ground troops arrive in South Korea to halt the advancing North Korean army.
1942 German troops capture Sevestapol, Crimea, in the Soviet Union.
1942 The first Battle of El Alamein, a battle of the Western Desert Campaign in North Africa, was fought between the Axis forces (Germany and Italy) commanded by Field Marshal Rommel, and Allied forces of the British Eighth Army commanded by General Claude Auchinleck. The battle halted the second, and final advance by the Axis forces into Egypt.
1916 At least 20,000 British soldiers were killed and a further 40,000 were injured on the first day of the Battle of the Somme. It was the greatest number of British casualties in a single day's fighting in modern history.
1898 American troops take San Juan Hill and El Caney, Cuba, from the Spaniards.
1863 In the first day's fighting at Gettysburg, Federal forces retreat through the town and dig in at Cemetery Ridge and Cemetery Hill.
1798 Napoleon Bonaparte takes Alexandria, Egypt.
1690 The Battle of the Boyne was fought on the east coast of Ireland, between the Catholic King James and the Protestant King William. The battle, won by William, ultimately helped ensure the continuation of Protestant supremacy in Ireland. Curiously, Battle of the Boyne Day is celebrated on 12th July. The mismatch occurred under the Gregorian calendar and 11 days were effectively lost, causing people at the time to clamour 'Give us back our 11 days!'
1690 Led by Marshall Luxembourg, the French defeat the forces of the Grand Alliance at Fleurus in the Netherlands.
1596 An English fleet under the Earl of Essex, Lord Howard of Effingham and Francis Vere capture and sack Cadiz, Spain.
96 Vespasian, a Roman army leader, is hailed as a Roman emperor by the Egyptian legions. “Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1945 B-29 Superfortress bombers attack Honshu, Japan, using new fire-bombing techniques.
1836 French General Thomas Bugeaud defeats Abd al-Kader's forces beside the Sikkak River in Algeria.
1770 The entire Ottoman fleet is destroyed by the Russians at the battle of Cesme.
1685 James II defeats James, the Duke of Monmouth, at the Battle of Sedgemoor, the last major battle to be fought on English soil.
1557 King Philip II of Spain, consort of Queen Mary I set out from Dover to war with France, which eventually results in the loss of the City of Calais, the last English possession on the continent, and Mary I never seeing her husband again.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1966 The U.S. Marine Corps launches Operation Hasting to drive the North Vietnamese Army back across the Demilitarized Zone in Vietnam.
1943 Adolf Hitler makes the V-2 missile program a top priority in armament planning.
1941 Although a neutral country, the United States sends troops to occupy Iceland to keep it out of Germany's hands.
1815 After defeating Napoleon at Waterloo, the victorious Allies march into Paris.
1798 Napoleon Bonaparte's army begins its march towards Cairo from Alexandria.
1575 The Raid of the Redeswire took place On This Day at Redesdale in Northumberland. It was the last major battle between England and Scotland.“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1943 American B-24 bombers strike Japanese-held Wake Island for the first time.
1941 20 B-17s fly in their first mission with the Royal Air Force over Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
1905 The mutinous crew of the battleship Potemkin surrenders to Rumanian authorities.
1758 The British attack on Fort Carillon at Ticonderoga, New York, is foiled by the French.
1709 Peter the Great defeats Charles XII at Poltava, in the Ukraine, effectively ending the Swedish empire.
1099 Christian Crusaders march around Jerusalem as Muslims watch from within the city.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1943 American and British forces make an amphibious landing on Sicily.
1790 The Swedish navy captures one third of the Russian fleet at the Battle of Svensksund in the Baltic Sea.
1553 Maurice of Saxony is mortally wounded at Sievershausen, Germany, while defeating Albert of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1951 Armistice talks between the United Nations and North Korea begin at Kaesong.
1945 U.S. carrier-based aircraft begin airstrikes against Japan in preparation for invasion.
1940 World War II: The first in a long series of German bombing raids against Great Britain, as the Battle of Britain, which lasted three and a half months, began.
1778 In support of the American Revolution, Louis XVI declares war on England.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1972 American forces break the 95-day siege at An Loc in Vietnam.
1942 In the longest bombing raid of World War II, 1,750 British Lancaster bombers attack the Polish port of Danzig.
1799 An Anglo-Turkish armada bombards Napoleon Bonaparte's troops in Alexandria to no avail.
1708 The French are defeated at Oudenarde, Malplaquet, in the Netherlands by the Duke of Marlborough and Eugene of Savoy.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in Military history....
1941 Moscow is bombed by the German Luftwaffe for the first time.
1794 British Admiral Lord Nelson loses his right eye at the siege of Calvi, in Corsica.
1691 William III defeats the allied Irish and French armies at the Battle of Aughrim, Ireland.
1690 William of Orange defeated the deposed Catholic, King James II, at the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland.“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1954 In Geneva, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, the People's Republic of China and France reach an accord on Indochina, dividing Vietnam into two countries, North and South, along the 17th parallel.
1941 Britain and the Soviet Union sign a mutual aid pact, providing the means for Britain to send war materiel to the Soviet Union.
1943 The Battle of Kursk, the largest tank battle in history, involving some 6,000 tanks, 2,000,000 troops, and 4,000 aircraft, ended in defeat for Germany.
1862 Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest defeats a Union army at Murfreesboro, Tennessee.
1754 George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to the French, leaving them in control of the Ohio Valley.
1643 English Civil War: At the Battle of Roundway Down, (near Devizes, Wiltshire) Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester, and commander of the Royalist forces, heavily defeated the Parliamentarian forces led by Sir William Waller. It was the greatest cavalry victory of the English Civil War.
1558 Led by the court of Egmont, the Spanish army defeats the French at Gravelines, France.
1534 Ottoman armies capture Tabriz in northwestern Persia.
1099 The Crusaders launch their final assault on Jerusalem.“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1945 American battleships and cruisers bombard the Japanese home islands for the first time.
1941 Vichy French Foreign Legionaries sign an armistice in Damascus, allowing them to join the Free French Foreign Legion.
1940 Britain tackled the threat of a German invasion by forming the Home Guard - a part-time volunteer army, generally comprising men too old for national service.
1940 A force of German bombers attacks Suez, Egypt, from bases in Crete.
1900 European Allies retake Tientsin, China, from the rebelling Boxers.
1864 At Harrisburg, Mississippi, Federal troops under General Andrew Jackson Smith repulse an attack by General Nathan Bedford Forrest.
1456 Hungarians defeat the Ottomans at the Battle of Belgrade
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1958 President Dwight Eisenhower sends 5,000 Marines to Lebanon to keep the peace.
1815 French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte surrendered to Captain Maitland aboard the English ship Bellerophon, at Rochefort, before being sent into exile on the island of St Helena.
1410 Poles and Lithuanians defeat the Teutonic knights at Tannenburg, Prussia.
1099 Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders.“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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On this day in military history....
1966 Ho Chi Minh orders a partial mobilization of North Vietnam to defend against American airstrikes.
1944 Field Marshall Erwin Rommel is wounded when an Allied fighter strafes his staff car in France.
1918 The RMS Carpathia, the ship that rescued the 705 survivors from the RMS Titanic, was sunk off Ireland by the German SM U-55, with the loss of 5 lives.
1917 World War 1: The British Royal Family, in a proclamation issued by George V, adopted the name of the House of Windsor in place of their German family name of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha due to the anti-German sentiment at the time.
1898 U.S. troops under General William R. Shafter take Santiago de Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
1815 Napoleon Bonaparte surrenders to the British at Rochefort, France.
1799 Ottoman forces, supported by the British, capture Aboukir, Egypt from the French.
1453 In the last battle of the Hundred Years' War ( the Battle of Castillon) the French, under Jean Bureau, defeated the English, under the Earl of Shrewsbury, who was killed in the battle.
“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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on this day in military history....
1942 The German Me-262, the first jet-propelled aircraft to fly in combat, makes its first flight.
1936 General Francisco Franco of Spain revolts against the Republican government, starting the Spanish Civil War.
1935 Ethiopian King Haile Selassie urges his countrymen to fight to the last man against the invading Italian army.
1861 Union and Confederate troops skirmish at Blackburn's Ford, Virginia, in a prelude to the Battle of Bull Run.
1812 Great Britain signs the Treaty of Orebro, making peace with Russia and Sweden.
1920 The unveiling of the Cenotaph War memorial in Whitehall, London to commemorate the war dead. It was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and takes its name from the Greek words kenos and taphos meaning empty tomb.“Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.”
-Mark Twain
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